Kuwait Infrastructure & Energy: Kuwait’s Municipal Council approved the right-of-way for the Kuwait–Saudi railway, an 85km link from the southwestern border to Al-Shadadiya, while also clearing routes for key electricity and cable projects tied to Z3, Al-Zour and Al-Wafra areas. Kuwait Oil & Logistics: KPC says Kuwait managed the Strait of Hormuz crisis through a multi-level emergency plan, including a Saudi land bridge, air corridors and inland port procedures, and is pushing integration by linking Kuwait’s oil lines with Saudi pipelines. Kuwait Refining: KNPC says it has become the Middle East’s top refiner after acquiring Zour Refinery, citing 1.4136m bpd capacity and upgrades at Mina Al-Ahmadi. Security & Power Assets: Authorities opened a felony theft case after thieves stole 84 meters of electrical cables from a Khaitan substation, with forensic checks and CID investigations underway. Food Safety Crackdown: PAFN raided an illegal grocery operation in Al-Qusour run from a residence, citing missing licenses, health approvals and unsafe storage/sales practices. Regional Energy Shock Watch: Iran’s closure threat and the wider US-Iran shipping tactics around Hormuz keep oil and shipping volatility front and center, with prices swinging sharply as markets price in reopening timelines. Business Finance: KAFD DMC secured a $3.2bn, 15-year Murabaha facility, its first independently secured debt, signaling investor confidence in major-project financing.